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$tail

Output the last part (bottom lines) of files or stream real-time logs.

BefehlssyntaxPOSIX Standard
tail [OPTIONS] [FILE...]
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Überblick & Funktionsweise

`tail` displays the final lines of files (default: 10 lines). With the `-f` (follow) flag, `tail` remains open and continuously streams new log lines to your terminal in real-time as they are written by web servers, databases, and background services.

Wichtige Optionen und Flags

Flag / OptionDescription
-n [NUM]Output the last NUM lines instead of the default 10.
-fFollow mode; continuously output appended data as the file grows.
-FFollow mode with retry; keeps tracking file even if rotated or recreated.

Praktische Anwendungsbeispiele

#1Inspect last 10 lines of authentication logs
tail -n 10 /var/log/auth.log

Prints the most recent authentication attempts.